DNA Testing

The type of paternity test you need will depend on what you intend to use the DNA test results for:

If you need paternity test results that can be used as a legal document (for example, to change the name on the birth certificate or
to obtain child support and other benefits), a Legal DNA Test needs to be performed Unlike the Home DNA Test, where tested parties
collect their own samples at their convenience, the Legal DNA Test follows a Chain of Custody documentation process to ensure that you
receive accurate and legally defensible results. When you set up your case with Whosyourbabysdaddy.com, we will coordinate a convenient sample collection appointment, during which a trained sample collector will complete all the necessary documentation to satisfy chain of custody requirements.

We routinely use the painless buccal (cheek) swab to collect samples. We have the largest network of collection sites in the U.S., allowing our customers to choose a sample collection appointment most convenient for them. We also have extensive affiliations with laboratories worldwide for INTERNATIONAL sample collections.

We can test additional children or alleged fathers if needed; there is a DNA testing and analysis fee of $100 for each additional tested party.

In cases where the alleged father is deceased or unknown, the paternal grandparents can be tested to determine the likelihood they are the child’s paternal grandparents. The deceased alleged father received his genes from his parents. Therefore, the child’s genes match the genes in the alleged paternal grandfather and grandmother in cases where the deceased man is the true biological father of the child.

When the alleged paternal grandparents’ alleles match the alleles of the child, the probability of grandparentage is determined.
The calculations for the probability of grandparentage are based on gene frequencies of the alleles that match between the child and the alleged grandparents. The DNA Test for grandparentage reaches probabilities of grandparentage far in excess of 99.99999%.
However, there are some limitations to this testing. For example, the DNA Test for grandparentage cannot resolve paternity if two potential fathers are related as full brothers, and therefore, have the same parents.

The deceased or missing alleged father can be excluded with absolute certainty as the biological father of the child by the DNA Test for family reconstruction. Such a DNA reconstruction test, however, requires that a sufficient number of family members with known relation-ship to the deceased are available for testing. Contact our laboratory for a case specific consultation.

In the DNA sibling test, two children are tested to determine whether they share the same biological parent or parents. Full siblings are individuals who have the same biological mother and the same biological father. Half siblings share only one parent. Since siblings have the same parent’s), they have matching genes much more often than do two unrelated individuals. When matches between two potential siblings are found, calculations are made to determine the probability that a sibling relationship exists.

The DNA test for siblings usually shows a number of genetic matches in true biological siblings. In such cases, the DNA test for siblings may show the probability of sibling ship to be greater than 99%, provided the tested alleged siblings inherited genes that are not commonly present in the population. The DNA test for siblings is a useful and informative test. However, testing additional known family members (in addition to the potential siblings) greatly improves the accuracy of this DNA test. Contact
Whosyourbabysdaddy.com for a case specific consultation.

Whosyourbabysdaddy.com leads the DNA testing industry in its quality of service, which focuses on ensuring DNA test accuracy as well
as a smooth experience for our clients. For all our DNA paternity testing clients, we:

• Run each test twice, following the most stringent procedures to guarantee accurate and conclusive results.
• Complete testing in 3 working days.
• Maintain confidentiality of each case using strict communication protocols.
• Schedule convenient appointments through our comprehensive network of collection sites.

DNA Test Participants
In a standard DNA paternity test, the tested parties include a child, the alleged father, and the mother (called a trio).

The mother’s participation in the paternity test helps to exclude half of the child’s DNA, leaving the other half for comparison with
the alleged father’s DNA. However, we can perform a paternity test without mother’s participation (called a motherless). A motherless
test involves additional analysis, which Whosyourbabysdaddy.com performs without any additional charge. Results are equally
conclusive whether or not the mother participates. Motherless tests are guaranteed to have at least a 99.99999% probability of
paternity for inclusions and 100% for exclusion.

The basic cost for the Chain of Custody DNA test is $400 for one child and one alleged father, with or without the mother. The mother’s DNA sample is collected free of charge.

When the child’s genes do not match the alleged grandparents’ genes on at least two different genes, the DNA test for grandparentage proves conclusively that the tested grandparents are NOT the paternal grandparents of the child. In such cases, we can presume the deceased alleged father could not be the child’s biological father. This presumption is only valid provided the tested paternal grandparents are the true biological parents of the deceased alleged father of the child.

When the alleged father is deceased or missing, a DNA reconstruction test may be performed. Such DNA testing is possible because the genes of the deceased or missing alleged father are present in his known biological family members (i.e., his parents, his siblings, his known children).

The DNA test for family reconstruction can demonstrate greater than 99.99999% probability that the deceased or missing alleged father is the biological father of the child. Such probability of paternity can be reached only if a sufficient number of family members with known relationship to the deceased are available for testing. Contact our laboratory for a case specific consultation.

A parent and a child match at each gene. The mother and the father, however, may donate different genes to their children. Look at the
child #1 and the child #4 pictured in Figure #1. These two children are full siblings and they have the same parents; however, they have no genetic markers in common. This example illustrates that even true full siblings may not share the same genetic markers. The DNA test for siblings, therefore, cannot exclude a sibling relationship with absolute certainty when only putative siblings are available for the DNA study. The DNA test for siblings has the potential to exclude with absolute certainty when a sufficient number of additional known family members (in addition to the potential siblings) are also available for testing. Contact our laboratory for a case specific consultation.

Twins can be identical or fraternal. Identical twins have identical genes because they were conceived from the same egg and sperm. Identical twins are always of the same sex. Fraternal twins have different genes. They were conceived from different eggs and sperm. Fraternal twins may be of the same sex, or, they may be of different sexes. The DNA twin zygosity test determines whether twins are identical or fraternal. The DNA test proves with absolute certainty that twins are fraternal when the DNA alleles of each twin are different. When the DNA alleles of each twin are identical, the probability of identity is calculated. The DNA test demonstrates a greater than 99.99999% probability of identity in such cases.